/usr/lib/swipl/library/thread.pl
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  • swipl
    • library
      • error.pl
      • apply.pl
      • lists.pl -- List Manipulation
      • debug.pl
      • broadcast.pl
      • socket.pl -- Network socket (TCP and UDP) library
      • predicate_options.pl -- Access and analyse predicate options
      • shlib.pl -- Utility library for loading foreign objects (DLLs, shared objects)
      • option.pl -- Option list processing
      • uid.pl -- User and group management on Unix systems
      • unix.pl -- Unix specific operations
      • syslog.pl -- Unix syslog interface
      • thread_pool.pl
      • gensym.pl -- Generate unique symbols
      • settings.pl
      • arithmetic.pl -- Extensible arithmetic
      • main.pl -- Provide entry point for scripts
      • readutil.pl -- Read utilities
      • ssl.pl
      • crypto.pl
      • pldoc.pl -- Process source documentation
      • operators.pl -- Manage operators
      • pairs.pl -- Operations on key-value lists
      • prolog_source.pl -- Examine Prolog source-files
      • pengines.pl -- Pengines: Web Logic Programming Made Easy
      • record.pl -- Access compound arguments by name
      • memfile.pl
      • sgml.pl -- SGML, XML and HTML parser
      • quasi_quotations.pl -- Define Quasi Quotation syntax
      • pure_input.pl -- Pure Input from files and streams
      • time.pl -- Time and alarm library
      • uri.pl -- Process URIs
      • solution_sequences.pl -- Modify solution sequences
      • uuid.pl -- Universally Unique Identifier (UUID) Library
      • ordsets.pl -- Ordered set manipulation
      • random.pl -- Random numbers
      • base64.pl -- Base64 encoding and decoding
      • aggregate.pl -- Aggregation operators on backtrackable predicates
      • pcre.pl -- Perl compatible regular expression matching for SWI-Prolog
      • pengines_io.pl -- Provide Prolog I/O for HTML clients
      • sandbox.pl -- Sandboxed Prolog code
      • apply_macros.pl -- Goal expansion rules to avoid meta-calling
      • assoc.pl -- Binary associations
      • prolog_format.pl -- Analyse format specifications
      • yall.pl -- Lambda expressions
      • sha.pl -- SHA secure hashes
      • process.pl -- Create processes and redirect I/O
      • filesex.pl -- Extended operations on files
      • zlib.pl -- Zlib wrapper for SWI-Prolog
      • bdb.pl -- Berkeley DB interface
      • hash_stream.pl -- Maintain a hash on a stream
      • md5.pl -- MD5 hashes
      • porter_stem.pl
      • csv.pl -- Process CSV (Comma-Separated Values) data
      • pprint.pl -- Pretty Print Prolog terms
      • atom.pl -- Operations on atoms
      • ctypes.pl -- Character code classification
      • modules.pl -- Module utility predicates
      • occurs.pl -- Finding and counting sub-terms
      • prolog_xref.pl -- Prolog cross-referencer data collection
      • prolog_colour.pl -- Prolog syntax colouring support.
      • lazy_lists.pl -- Lazy list handling
      • prolog_code.pl -- Utilities for reasoning about code
      • ugraphs.pl -- Graph manipulation library
      • xpath.pl -- Select nodes in an XML DOM
      • iostream.pl -- Utilities to deal with streams
      • doc_http.pl -- Documentation server
      • url.pl -- Analysing and constructing URL
      • www_browser.pl -- Open a URL in the users browser
      • prolog_pack.pl -- A package manager for Prolog
      • prolog_config.pl -- Provide configuration information
      • git.pl -- Run GIT commands
      • strings.pl -- String utilities
      • dif.pl -- The dif/2 constraint
      • dialect.pl -- Support multiple Prolog dialects
      • edinburgh.pl -- Some traditional Edinburgh predicates
      • ansi_term.pl -- Print decorated text to ANSI consoles
      • terms.pl -- Term manipulation
      • listing.pl -- List programs and pretty print clauses
      • persistency.pl -- Provide persistent dynamic predicates
      • pengines_sandbox.pl -- Declare Pengine interaction sandbox-safe
      • term_to_json.pl
      • prolog_stack.pl -- Examine the Prolog stack
      • prolog_clause.pl -- Get detailed source-information about a clause
      • prolog_breakpoints.pl -- Manage Prolog break-points
      • wfs.pl -- Well Founded Semantics interface
      • mallocinfo.pl -- Memory allocation details
      • chr.pl
      • sort.pl
      • dicts.pl -- Dict utilities
      • varnumbers.pl -- Utilities for numbered terms
      • nb_set.pl -- Non-backtrackable sets
      • rbtrees.pl -- Red black trees
      • prolog_stream.pl -- A stream with Prolog callbacks
      • backcomp.pl -- Backward compatibility
      • charsio.pl -- I/O on Lists of Character Codes
      • base32.pl -- Base32 encoding and decoding
      • codesio.pl -- I/O on Lists of Character Codes
      • coinduction.pl -- Co-Logic Programming
      • editline.pl -- BSD libedit based command line editing
      • sgml_write.pl -- XML/SGML writer module
      • date.pl -- Process dates and times
      • heaps.pl -- heaps/priority queues
      • statistics.pl -- Get information about resource usage
      • when.pl -- Conditional coroutining
      • tables.pl -- XSB interface to tables
      • optparse.pl -- command line parsing
      • xmldsig.pl -- XML Digital signature
      • archive.pl -- Access several archive formats
      • intercept.pl -- Intercept and signal interface
      • prolog_jiti.pl -- Just In Time Indexing (JITI) utilities
      • prolog_history.pl -- Per-directory persistent commandline history
      • fastrw.pl -- Fast reading and writing of terms
      • edit.pl -- Editor interface
      • odbc.pl
      • macros.pl -- Macro expansion
      • redis_streams.pl -- Using Redis streams
      • redis.pl -- Redis client
      • udp_broadcast.pl -- A UDP broadcast proxy
      • rdf_triple.pl -- Create triples from intermediate representation
      • prolog_trace.pl -- Print access to predicates
      • system.pl -- System utilities
      • explain.pl -- Describe Prolog Terms
      • xsdp_types.pl -- XML-Schema primitive types
      • qsave.pl -- Save current program as a state or executable
      • zip.pl -- Access resource ZIP archives
      • test_cover.pl -- Clause coverage analysis
      • xmlenc.pl -- XML encryption library
      • utf8.pl -- UTF-8 encoding/decoding on lists of character codes.
      • quintus.pl -- Quintus compatibility
      • shell.pl -- Elementary shell commands
      • prolog_wrap.pl -- Wrapping predicates
      • thread.pl -- High level thread primitives
        • concurrent/3
        • concurrent_forall/2
        • concurrent_forall/3
        • concurrent_and/2
        • concurrent_and/3
        • concurrent_maplist/2
        • concurrent_maplist/3
        • concurrent_maplist/4
        • first_solution/3
        • call_in_thread/2
      • portray_text.pl -- Portray text
      • check.pl -- Consistency checking
      • paxos.pl -- A Replicated Data Store
      • c14n2.pl -- C14n2 canonical XML documents
      • stomp.pl -- STOMP client.
      • protobufs.pl -- Google's Protocol Buffers ("protobufs")
      • prolog_debug.pl -- User level debugging tools
      • doc_files.pl -- Create stand-alone documentation files
      • streampool.pl -- Input multiplexing
      • plunit.pl -- Unit Testing
      • threadutil.pl -- Interactive thread utilities
      • prolog_profile.pl -- Execution profiler
      • prolog_autoload.pl -- Autoload all dependencies
      • yaml.pl -- Process YAML data
      • table.pl
      • unicode.pl -- Unicode string handling
      • pwp.pl -- Prolog Well-formed Pages
      • readline.pl -- GNU readline interface
      • double_metaphone.pl -- Phonetic string matching
      • mqi.pl
      • make.pl -- Reload modified source files
      • rdf_parser.pl
      • rewrite_term.pl
      • prolog_versions.pl -- Demand specific Prolog versions
      • increval.pl -- Incremental dynamic predicate modification
      • crypt.pl
      • isub.pl -- isub: a string similarity measure
      • help.pl -- Text based manual
      • snowball.pl -- The Snowball multi-lingual stemmer library
      • prolog_codewalk.pl -- Prolog code walker
      • prolog_metainference.pl -- Infer meta-predicate properties
      • rdf.pl -- RDF/XML parser
      • writef.pl -- Old-style formatted write
      • oset.pl -- Ordered set manipulation
      • doc_latex.pl -- PlDoc LaTeX backend
      • hashtable.pl -- Hash tables
      • tty.pl -- Terminal operations
      • streams.pl -- Manage Prolog streams
      • rdf_write.pl -- Write RDF/XML from a list of triples
      • rlimit.pl
      • cgi.pl -- Read CGI parameters
      • readln.pl -- Read line as list of tokens
      • files.pl
      • rwlocks.pl -- Read/write locks
 concurrent(+N, :Goals, +Options) is semidet
Run Goals in parallel using N threads. This call blocks until all work has been done. The Goals must be independent. They should not communicate using shared variables or any form of global data. All Goals must be thread-safe.

Execution succeeds if all goals have succeeded. If one goal fails or throws an exception, other workers are abandoned as soon as possible and the entire computation fails or re-throws the exception. Note that if multiple goals fail or raise an error it is not defined which error or failure is reported.

On successful completion, variable bindings are returned. Note however that threads have independent stacks and therefore the goal is copied to the worker thread and the result is copied back to the caller of concurrent/3.

Choosing the right number of threads is not always obvious. Here are some scenarios:

  • If the goals are CPU intensive and normally all succeeding, typically the number of CPUs is the optimal number of threads. Less does not use all CPUs, more wastes time in context switches and also uses more memory.
  • If the tasks are I/O bound the number of threads is typically higher than the number of CPUs.
  • If one or more of the goals may fail or produce an error, using a higher number of threads may find this earlier.
Arguments:
N- Number of worker-threads to create. Using 1, no threads are created. If N is larger than the number of Goals we create exactly as many threads as there are Goals.
Goals- List of callable terms.
Options- Passed to thread_create/3 for creating the workers. Only options changing the stack-sizes can be used. In particular, do not pass the detached or alias options.
See also
- In many cases, concurrent_maplist/2 and friends is easier to program and is tractable to program analysis.